Spatiotemporal evolution of urban theft crimes and mechanism in the context of regular COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control: A case study of Haining,Zhejiang北大核心CSCD     

郑滋椀  姜超  汪婕  刘璐  陈鹏  董齐芬 《地理科学进展》2023,(2):341-352

新冠疫情的爆发会对区域内犯罪数量产生显著影响。然而,常态化疫情防控是否显著改变了犯罪空间分布格局,仍然有待进一步的实证检验。论文选择始终采取常态化疫情防控措施的浙江海宁市中心城区,采用标准差椭圆、核密度估计方法,对2018年2月—2021年7月城市盗窃犯罪的时空格局演变特征及其机理进行研究。结果表明:(1)新冠疫情爆发后,研究区内盗窃犯罪月均数量较疫情前降幅达53%,并持续在100~200起之间波动,而其日内分布模式却没有明显变化;(2)2020年2月—2021年7月,研究区内盗窃犯罪热点较疫情前有明显减弱、减少,且其犯罪空间分布格局较为稳定;(3)针对疫情前的12个典型犯罪热点区域,其月均犯罪数量在疫情后的降幅在52%~78%之间,其分季度的时间演变模式存在明显差异;(4)根据日常活动理论和犯罪三角理论,常态化疫情防控中有7类具体措施可对各区域的犯罪产生较大影响。研究结果对于理解重大突发公共卫生事件下的犯罪空间演变规律和制定科学的犯罪防控策略均具有重要参考价值。  相似文献   

Mapping family connectedness across space and time     

Caglar Koylu  Diansheng Guo  Alice Kasakoff  John W. Adams 《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(1):14-26

Understanding the structure and evolution of family networks embedded in space and time is crucial for various fields such as disaster evacuation planning and provision of care to the elderly. Computation and visualization can potentially play a key role in analyzing and understanding such networks. Graph visualization methods are effective in discovering network patterns; however, they have inadequate capability in discovering spatial and temporal patterns of connections in a network especially when the network exists and changes across space and time. We introduce a measure of family connectedness that summarizes the dynamic relationships in a family network by taking into account the distance (how far individuals live apart), time (the duration of individuals’ coexistence within a neighborhood), and the relationship (kinship or kin proximity) between each pair of individuals. By mapping the family connectedness over a series of time intervals, the method facilitates the discovery of hot spots (hubs) where family connectedness is strong and the changing patterns of such spots across space and time. We demonstrate our approach using a data set of nine families from the US North. Our results highlight that family connectedness reflects changing demographic processes such as migration and population growth.  相似文献   

A Review of “HIV/AIDS Global Frontiers in Prevention/Intervention”     

Jason K. Blackburn 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(2):292-293

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几种仪器烈度算法在汶川地震与芦山地震中的可靠性比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王玉石  李小军  梅泽洪  刘燕 《地震学报》2013,35(5):759-770

破坏性地震发生后, 特别是在通信中断的情况下, 利用仪器烈度快速估计地震动强度(烈度)的分布情况, 可为开展最有效的地震应急救援提供决策依据. 该文介绍了现有的几种仪器烈度算法, 并利用汶川地震与芦山地震中获得的强震加速度记录对各种算法的可靠性进行了比较. 结果表明, 在这两次地震中只利用地震动峰值参数确定仪器烈度的算法可靠性较低, 而考虑反应谱特性的算法可靠性更高. 在未得到更多强震数据的检验前, 建议采用袁一凡提出的仪器烈度算法, 或利用谱烈度值确定仪器烈度的算法, 或利用加速度反应谱值确定仪器烈度的算法.   相似文献   

中国区域防震减灾能力的综合评估   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邓砚  苏桂武  仵焕杰 《地震地质》2013,35(3)

以科学认识中国防震减灾能力的区域差异,实现中国防震减灾资源的合理配置为目标,从绝对和相对2个层面分析了区域防震减灾能力的内涵,进而构建了围绕1个目标层,设定3个准则层、13个指标层和16个变量层的区域绝对防震减灾能力的评价指标体系;分别提出了区域绝对和相对防震减灾能力的评估模型,并绘制了中国区域绝对和相对防震减灾能力分布图.结果表明,中国区域绝对和相对防震减灾能力都存在着明显的区域差异,前者与后者之间的分布特征也是截然不同的,即绝对能力表现为东部地区普遍高于全国平均能力水平,中部和西北部地区大多持平或低于全国平均能力水平,青藏高原地区最低;而相对能力则表现为能力低值区集中分布于华北、南北地震带、东南沿海和东北平原等地.  相似文献   

Risk assessment and national measure plan for oil and HNS spill accidents near Korea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Moonjin Lee  Jung-Yeul Jung 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

Many oil and HNS spill accidents occur in the waters surrounding the Korean Peninsula because Korea is one of the biggest trading partners in the world. In this study, we analyzed the oil and HNS spill accidents that occurred between 1994 and 2005 and created risk matrices to assess these accidents. The worst scenarios of future oil and HNS spill accidents were established, and the maximum spill amounts were estimated using historic accident data and a correlation from IPIECA. The maximum spill amounts are estimated to be between 77,000 and 10,000 tons of oil and HNS, respectively. One third of the spill materials should be removed using recovery equipment within three days of the spill event, according to the national measure plan. The capability of recovery equipment to remove spill materials can be estimated, and the equipment should then be prepared to mitigate the harmful effects of future oil and HNS accidents on humans and marine ecosystems.  相似文献   

Skyline‐based ground motion selection method for nonlinear time history analysis of building structures     

Wei Shi  Peng Pan  Lieping Ye  Yajun Xu  Chaokun Wang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(9):1361-1373

This paper develops a novel ground motion selection procedure for nonlinear time history analysis of critical structures. The skyline query originated from computer science is first introduced, including its concept and related algorithms. Then, the ground motion selection procedure based on skyline query is developed. Meanwhile, a new five‐dimensional vector‐valued intensity measure is defined as a critical ingredient of the selection procedure to measure the damage potential of ground motions. Finally, the process of the selection procedure is illustrated through examples of three shear models, and its efficiency is also validated. Through the examples of three shear models, the ground motion selection procedure based on skyline query proposed in this paper is proven to be capable of selecting a limited set of ground motions with high damage potentials for the nonlinear time history analysis purpose. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

论地震科普宣传工作在防震减灾事业中的意义     

单修政  高文长 《高原地震》2013,25(1):53-58

我国是一个深受地震灾害磨难的国度。在地震预测预报尚不尽人意的今天,进一步重视和加强地震科普宣传工作,引导普通民众尽可能多地掌握有关地震的一些必要的知识、技能、技巧和方法,这将在防震减灾事业中发挥更加重要的作用。同时还论述了地震科普宣传工作的主要内容和宣传重点。  相似文献   

黑山煤田构造控煤作用与赋煤规律     

袁伟  宋崇宇  李宏  李朋辉 《西部资源》2013,(1):72-75

在分析黑山煤田区域构造背景和勘查资料的基础上,论述了构造运动对煤层赋存的控制作用,并以三种控煤构造组合形式揭示了本区的基本赋煤规律。聚煤期同沉积构造控制着含煤性在空间上的变化;印支期NWW向褶皱对煤层的赋存起着关键的控制作用;喜山晚期张性和走滑断层,破坏了煤层的连续性,并控制了煤田东、西部残留煤系的埋藏深度。逆冲——褶皱和断裂——单斜式控煤构造组合中,逆断层上盘煤层抬升而利于勘查开采,但规模有限;褶皱——断裂式控煤构造组合中,复式向斜之次级背斜区,煤系上覆地层受剥蚀,煤层埋藏较浅,为主要的有利勘查区。  相似文献   

山丘型抑螺防病林构建技术     

蒋俊明  孙启祥  任国太  费世民  周金星 《湿地科学与管理》2013,(1):4-6

利用林业血防建设的理论和方法,探讨了山丘区抑螺植物材料选择标准和模式配置要求,最后根据山丘区钉螺分布及地形特点,划分了山丘区抑螺防病林类型。  相似文献